Mucormycosis, a rare but potentially fatal fungal disease caused by mucormycetes, has emerged as a significant healthcare concern, driven by factors such as the growing diabetic population and an increasing number of transplant surgeries worldwide. With an overall mortality rate of 54%, mucormycosis demands attention as it affects not only the lungs, sinuses, and brain but can also lead to disfigurement and vision loss in advanced stages.

According to estimates from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are 1.7 cases of mucormycosis per 1 million population annually in the US. The disease poses a particular threat to immunocompromised patients, with mucormycosis being the third most common type of invasive fungal infection in stem cell transplant recipients (~8%) and 2% among solid organ transplant recipients during a surveillance study conducted by CDC between 2001-2006.

Mucormycosis Maiming COVID-19 Survivors in India during Chaotic Second Wave

In India, the recent surge in COVID-19 cases has exacerbated the threat of mucormycosis, particularly among COVID-19 survivors. Extended use of steroids and immunosuppressant medications in these patients has increased their vulnerability to the fungal infection. Patients with pre-existing comorbidities, especially diabetes, and those exposed to prolonged steroid and humidified oxygen therapy are at the highest risk. Hospitals in India, including Sion Hospital in Mumbai, have reported a significant uptick in mucormycosis cases, creating a challenging situation for healthcare providers.

Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis Most Commonly Seen

Mucormycosis typically manifests in five forms: rhinocerebral (sinus and brain), pulmonary (lung), gastrointestinal, cutaneous (skin), and disseminated. Among these, rhinocerebral mucormycosis is the most common, often affecting patients with uncontrolled diabetes or kidney transplant recipients. In contrast, pulmonary mucormycosis prevails in cancer patients or organ and stem cell transplant recipients. Various fungal species, including Rhizopus, Mucor, Rhizomucor, Syncephalastrum, Cunninghamella bertholletiae, Apophysomyces, and Lichtheimia, are responsible for mucormycosis infections.

Tissue Biopsy Remains the Mainstay of Diagnosis; Antifungal Agents Lead Treatment Regimen

Diagnosing mucormycosis primarily relies on tissue biopsy, as culturing the fungus is challenging. Rapid laboratory screening tests like KOH mount and Calcofluor White Stain aid in diagnosis. Imaging techniques, such as MRI and CT scans, are also crucial. Early-stage mucormycosis is typically treated with antifungal agents like amphotericin B, posaconazole, or isavuconazole, either intravenously or orally. Amphotericin B serves as the standard first-line treatment, often accompanied by surgical debridement. Adjuvant therapies, including deferasirox, statins, caspofungin, aspirin, and hyperbaric oxygen, may be considered.

Europe Key Contributor; Asia Pacific Witnessing Rapid Growth

Europe’s mucormycosis market benefits from a rising population of diabetes mellitus patients and favorable government initiatives to support the anti-infective drugs industry. The European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) has embarked on developing global guidelines for mucormycosis diagnosis and management. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is poised for rapid growth, driven by increasing HIV prevalence and untapped opportunities for diagnostics and treatment alternatives in emerging economies. India, in particular, contributes approximately 40% to the global burden of mucormycosis, though market access challenges persist.

Key Market Players in Global Mucormycosis Market

Prominent players in the global mucormycosis diagnosis and treatment landscape include Astellas Pharma Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Asahi Kasei Corporation, Abbott Laboratories, Biocon Limited, Novartis AG, Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited, Merck Sharp and Dohme, F. Hoffman La Roche, Bristol Myers Squibb, Mylan Labs, Sanofi, Bayer AG, Lonza Group, Pfizer Inc., and Gilead Sciences.

Global Industry Analysis (2018 – 2021) – Growth Trends and Market Forecast (2022 – 2029) https://www.fairfieldmarketresearch.com/report/mucormycosis-market

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